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One of the common endocrine disorders in dogs is hypothyroidism. In hypothyroidism, the levels of T3 and T4 hormones produced by the thyroid gland as a response to TSH in blood are low. While there can be several reasons for this, in a vast majority of cases it happens because the thyroid tissue is destroyed and cannot produce the hormones in adequate levels.
It is estimated that in about half of the cases the destruction of the thyroid gland results from lymphocytic (autoimmune) thyroiditis. Typical to this condition is that the body develops autoantibodies to thyroid components, usually to thyroglobulin. So, the presence of thyroglobulin autoantibodies (TgAA) in dog serum means that the thyroid gland is being attacked and slowly destroyed. However, it can take several years before the thyroid tissue is so damaged that the levels of T3 and T4 hormones fall so low that the symptoms appear.
Clinical signs of hypothyroidism often appear only in older dogs, usually 4-10 years of age. There is strong evidence that some breeds are more susceptible to this disease than others.
Several studies support the view of a genetic background for lymphocytic thyroiditis. However, dogs used for breeding can be too young to show any symptoms of the disease and because of this they can pass on the disease to their offspring before they can be diagnosed.
Thyroglobulin autoantibodies can be found in subclinical dogs long before the clinical signs of hypothyroidsim appear. The presence of them is an indication that the dog might become hypothyroid due to lymphocytic thyroidism. While this may not always be the outcome, screening for TgAA could be used in breed management to decrease the prevalence of hypothyroidism especially in high-risk breeds.
We offer native purified canine thyroglobulin. It can be used as an antigen in immunoassays for determination of thyroglobulin autoantibodies in dog serum.
Product:
Cat# 8CT8 Canine thyroglobulin
Bianchi M, et al. (2015). A Multi-Breed Genome-Wide Association Analysis for Canine Hypothyroidism Identifies a Shared Major Risk Locus on CFA12. PLoS ONE 10(8): e0134720. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0134720
http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0134720
Sundberg, K (2012). Unraveling the Genetics of Lymphocytic Thyroiditis, Using the Dog as a Model, Doctoral thesis, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala
http://hunddna.slu.se/artikelserie/sundberg_k_120515.pdf
Graham PA, Refsal KR and Nachreiner RF (2007). Etiopathologic findings of canine hypothyroidism. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract. 2007 Jul;37(4):617-31
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17619002
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